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Ask the Expert

Marjorie Jean Meyer, CMCA®, PCAM®
Vice President and National Director of Education and Certification
ASSOCIA




Board of Directors
Access to Condo

I own a vacation condo in North Carolina. We recently suffered damage to our 2nd floor unit from a leaky toilet connection in the unit above ours. The leak occured above the floor of the 3rd floor unit. Apparently, the leak had been ongoing for a few months prior to our finding it once we arrived for vacation

Our HOA President jumped right into the middle of problem by having a contractor tear-out the damaged wallboard and vanity without our knowledge.

I would prefer the HOA President not have free run of my unit whenever he feels like it as he continually enters my unit without my knowledge or permission. All condo units have been mastered keyed for ease of access by the maintenance manager but the HOA President made himself a key and he has free run of all of the units.

Is there anything I can do to keep the HOA President out of my condo? We have been told that if we change our front door lock, the HOA has the right to hire a locksmith, remove the new lock, and install a lock keyed to the master at our expense.

- Tom

Your association's governing documents may contain a clause granting your board the right of emergency access to every unit to prevent additional damage and to protect the common elements. However, that's usually a one-time circumstance; once the cause of the damage is controlled, such as the water turned off to prevent additional damage from a broken pipe, follow-up repair work can be scheduled with the owner. I suggest you notify the board in writing, by certified mail, that you would like it to honor the intent and purpose of the emergency access provision and not enter your unit without prior notice unless immediate action is necessary. Also advise them that entering your unit without your permission when it is not an issue of mitigating continuing and immediate destruction may be considered trespass. Finally, be sure the board has current contact information.

Sincerely,

Margey


Role of Secretary

&

Congratulations on your election as Secretary of your community association! You've posed lots of good questions, so I've imbedded my responses following each query.

I’ve recently been elected Secretary of our HOA, which consists of 54 parcels of property, and have several questions about the procedure for the meeting minutes after they have been transcribed? These questions refer to both the Annual Members Meetings and the Board of Directors Meetings.

Do I hold on to the transcribed minutes until the next Board Meeting (which is sometimes several months away) when they can be read and approved, and then send copies of the approved minutes to the HOA Members? Or,

Do I send unapproved copies of the minutes to the HOA Members? If so, how many days after the meeting is this typically expected?

MARGEY: If permitted by state statutes and your association's governing documents, your board could approve the board meeting minutes between meetings if there are no scheduled monthly meetings. With the same caveat, your board could review the draft minutes, notify you of corrections and, once approved by the majority of the board members, the minutes could be distributed to owners or posted to your community's website.

With regard to annual meeting minutes, unless state statutes or your association's governing documents mandate otherwise, your board could appoint at the annual meeting a 5-person committee charged with approving the minutes on behalf of the owners within thirty days of the meeting. The minutes could then be distributed to the membership, and the board doesn't have to worry about they or the owners remembering decisions and discussions differently after a twelve month absence.

Do I always send copies of all meeting minutes to the HOA Members – Board of Director Meetings and Annual Members Meetings? Or, always mail the Annual Members Meeting Minutes and just have the Board of Directors Meeting Minutes available for review by the HOA Members upon request?

MARGEY: It depends on the provisions in your association's Bylaws. Typically, board meeting minutes are available to the owner upon request, or uploaded to the community's website for view at any time. Some associations send a postcard summary of the minutes, saving postage and copy charges, to ensure that owners have the opportunity to keep up with board decisions and actions.

Annual meeting meetings are usually distributed to all the members of the association once they are approved, then made available at check-in for the next annual meeting so that memories do not fade -- or change -- during the 12-month hiatus.

At the first Board of Directors Meeting after the Annual Members Meeting, do I read the Annual Members Meeting Minutes as the previous meeting minutes and then at the next Annual Members Meeting, read the previous Board of Directors Meeting Minutes as the previous meeting minutes? Or, do I keep them separate and read only the Board of Directors Meeting Minutes at the Board of Directors Meetings and the Annual Members Meeting Minutes at the Annual Members Meetings.

MARGEY: Keep board and annual meeting minutes in separate Minute Books, or at least use tabs to keep them separate in a single Minute Book. Board members approve board meeting minutes, the membership or an assigned committee of members approve the annual minutes.

In fact, to save time at meetings, be sure everyone has the minutes ahead of time and move to "Accept the minutes as presented" at the beginning of the meeting rather than spending the time reading them.

However, if I keep the meeting minutes separate to read and approve at their next meeting without sending copies of the unapproved minutes to the HOA, it will be a year before the HOA members receive a copy of their approved Annual Meeting Minutes.

MARGEY: That's why it's a good idea to use the "Minutes Approval Committee" concept as long as it is not prohibited by state statute and governing documents.

In the Minutes Book, do I attach anything handed out at the meetings, Committee Reports, etc. to the Minutes in this book? Also, do I include in this book the Agendas, Dues Notices, etc., that are mailed to the Members?

MARGEY: It's a good idea to attached to the minutes reports that elaborate on decisions and actions of the board and committees. It's not necessary to include meeting notices, agendas, and the other items you listed.

Correspondence from the HOA Members and any responses from the Officers/Board of Directors in the HOA Records – is there a particular filing system that I should use, i.e., individual file for each Parcel Owner? Single file per year for all correspondence maintained chronologically? Should I keep a journal of events in this yearly file?

MARGEY: The usual method of retaining hard copies of homeowner communications is to file them by address or unit number. If the association's communications were created using a word processing software and sent by U.S. Mail, save the letter to the hard drive for future retrieval. If the communications were sent or received electronically, such as by email, retain them in your email inbox or sent folder so you can easily retrieve them by using the key word function. Your association should adopt a Record and Email Retention Policy to ensure that necessary communications are kept while extraneous ones are discarded.

Is there anywhere I can go to see how HOA files are set up so I keep only the things that should be maintained?

MARGEY: Several resources for administering a community association's records can be found on our Links and Resources page and at www.caionline.org.

Sincerely,

Margey


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Communications
 

 

Finances
 

 

General
Hosting Social Events

Hi, our HOA has created a brand-new social committee and all of our members are brand new to this endeavor. I am currently searching for ideas and really "how-to's" on hosting social events for our community. Are there any websites you can recommend -- or better yet, any books? I've gleaned what information I can from the Association Times website and have found ideas for social events, but I'm really looking for a guide on how to initiate and hold social events.

Thanks for any help you can offer!

- Jennifer

The most comprehensive resource for the management and operations of community associations is the Community Associations Institute at www.caionline.org. You'll find a wealth of information there regarding all aspects of community association administration; joining as a member will more than pay back the membership fee in information learned.

Sincerely,

Margey


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Insurance
 

 

Legal
Active Adult Communities

In an established 55 plus community what determines the 20%? Is it for spouse, children over 19 and caretakers? Should you be 55 to purchase a unit?

- Lorraine

I posed your question to Mr. Steve Castle, President and CEO of Mid-Atlantic Management Corporation based in Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania (www.mamc.com). According to Mr. Castle,

"A home qualifies as long as one occupant is 55+.

The 20% exception was originally carved out to address circumstances where the qualifying individual dies and the rest of the occupants do not qualify. However, some developers and even Boards have allowed sales or resales to owners that do not qualify because of the 20% exception rule. Most of our client Boards will not allow any exception for resales to protect the original reason for having it.

Rules regarding minimum ages of other occupants are generally governed by the Association's governing documents. Usually, they limit the maximum time someone under a certain age, such as 19, can occupy or visit a home."

Sincerely,

Margey


Creating an Association

In January 2007, you gave the following response to a question:

"To be considered a community association/homeowners association/property owners association, your association must evidence all three of the following characteristics:
1. Mandatory membership as required in the association's Declaration/Covenants/CC&Rs;


2. A provision in the recorded Declaration/Covenants/CC&Rs establishing a lien for the payment of assessments;


3. A set of governing documents, including the Declaration/Covenants/CC&Rs that binds the association and the homeowners to each other in the form of deed restrictions, payment obligations and provisions for common services.


If your association's governing documents provide these three criteria, then payment of assessments is not optional, and the association could pursue legal recourse for nonpayment."

The Declaration for our subdivision, prepared and recorded by the developer in 1979, does not meet the requirements you list in your response. The developer made no provision for any HOA to be formed. However, neighbors started a voluntary HOA in the 80's. The Board has now passed changes to the Bylaws that indicate all property owners are automatically members of the HOA and dues are mandatory. There is even a provision in the revised Bylaws for the HOA to file liens if dues are not paid. There have been no amendments to the Declaration. There is no commonly owned property.

Are we correct in our understanding, and based on your response quoted above, that without the proper amendments to the Declaration, the HOA cannot claim to be a mandatory HOA and force property owners to pay under threat of lien?

Thank you for your time and input.

- Sandy

There should be statutory requirements for creating a homeowners association. To determine your state's criteria, go back to our "Links and Resources" page and then scroll down to "State websites".

Sincerely,

Margey


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Maintenance
Exterior Upgrades

We live in a 87 unit condo community in SC which has a HOA. Our building has ten units and was built in 1998. Other buildings vary in age up to 30 years.

Our building has an exterior of hardiplank, requiring very little maintenance. The other buildings used T211, I think, which is simply a wood plank. Maintenance on those units has been constant.

The T211 owners want to change to hardiplank. This seems like an upgrade or improvement to us, not a routine maintenance item, and we do not want to be assessed.

What do you think? Thanks!

- Dave

Remember that in a condominium, owners own an undivided interest in the all the common elements. That means you own an undivided interest in the T211 siding, so I'm sure you want it properly maintained or upgraded to Hardiplank to ensure your property values increase.

Sincerely,

Margey


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